About Me

Fribourg, Switzerland
This blog presents our findings of our project work on Rock History. We have been researching on different topics. The entries represent the variety of our interests as well as musical taste... so enjoy...

Friday, February 4, 2011

Most covered song ever : Yesterday by The Beatles

Yesterday was written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney in 1965. According to Guinness world records, the song was covered more than seven million times in the 20th century. It was voted the Best song in the 20th century in 1999. 2000 it was voted the nr. 1 Pop song of all time by MTV and Rolling Stone Magazin. It was included in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1997.
The first cover version was released by Matt Monro in 1965.



Yesterday
All my troubles seemed so far away
Now it looks as though they're here to stay
Oh, I believe
In yesterday

Suddenly
I'm not half the man I used to be
There's a shadow hanging over me
Oh, yesterday
Came suddenly

Why she
Had to go I don't know
She wouldn't say
I said
Something wrong now I long
For yesterday

Yesterday
Love was such an easy game to play
Now I need a place to hide away
Oh, I believe
In yesterday

Why she
Had to go I don't know
She wouldn't say
I said
Something wrong now I long
For yesterday

Yesterday
Love was such an easy game to play
Now I need a place to hide away
Oh, I believe
In yesterday



Some cover versions:
  • Marvin Gaye

  • Ray Charles
  • Frank Sinatra
A great song and great covers, but you still can`t beat the original by The Beatles!

by Annick & Flavia

He ain't Heavy, He's my Brother by The Hollies

The song was written by Bobby Scott and Bob Russell. It was first recorded by Neil Diamond but the first released version was by The Hollies in 1969, one year before Neil Diamond's.

Cover Versions:

  • Cher (1971)
  • The Housemartins (1988)
  • Gotthard (1996)
  • Barry Manilow (2007)
  • Ali Campbell (2010)






Cher - He ain't Heavy, He's my Brother (1971)

We prefer the original from The Hollies but the others are not bad either.
by Flavia & Annick

"Come Together" through the years ...

By Shelby

"Come Together" was released by the Beatles in 1969 and has been covered by some of music's greatest bands and singers such as Michael Jackson, Aerosmith, and Joe Cocker. The song was inspired by Timothy Leary's campaign for governor of California. It was mainly written by John Lennon and their version is more of a blues-rock. The pace is kept at a slower more even pace and has a more relaxed fun feeling to it. It is theorized though, about the song, that it refers to each of the Beatles specifically. For example; "he's one holy roller" allegedly refers to the spiritually inclined George Harrison; "he got monkey finger, he shoot Coca-Cola" to Ringo, the funny Beatle; "he got Ono sideboard, he one spinal cracker" to Lennon himself; and "got to be good-looking 'cause he's so hard to see" to Paul.  Here is the original version of "Come Together" by the Beatles:



 In 1978, hard rock band Aerosmith, was the first to successfully cover the song. They recorded it and included it in the soundtrack and film Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. In their version of the song we can see their more hard rock influence. Basically the lyrics and the music is the same but the tempo is sped up and played with an electric guitar to give it a more hard rock feel. Here is the "Come Together", Aerosmith version:


Then in 1987, Micheal Jackson, who owned the rights for the song, covered it for his film Micheal Jackson: Moonwalker. He then included a shorter version in his album HIStory: Past, Present, and Future, Book 1 and was performed live at certain concerts on HIStory World Tour. In Micheal's version of the song we can instantly see his pop influence coming through. He also speeds up the tempo like Aerosmith and there is still that rock feeling to it. But, he includes his own little pop twists and gives it new meaning.  Here is "Come Together", Micheal Jackson's version:


And finally, in 2007, Joe Cocker covers the song on his soundtrack for the film Across the Universe. Joe's version is completely different from the original. In the beginning the tempo is slowed down so much so that it is almost unrecognizable if it were not for the lyrics. But as the song continues the tempo picks back up and you can instantly recognize it but it is still slower than the original.  This changes the original fun feeling to a tempo and gives it a more ominous feeling. So here is "Come Together", Joe Cocker's version:



"Come Together" has also been covered by about 50 other singers and bands. But these three cover versions are probably the most popular, well known, and the most successful covers throughout the years. If you would like to see a list of all the other bands and singers who covered this song or learn more about this song please visit:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Together

 







The Beatles-Legacy

By Annika

"People are still looking at Picasso ... at artists who broke through the constraints of their time period to come up with something that was unique and original. In the form that they worked in, in the form of popular music, no one will ever be more revolutionary, more creative and more distinctive than The Beatles were." - Robert Greenfield, Rolling Stone associate director

The Beatles had an immense influence on many aspects pop culture, including music (obviously), television, fashion, video games, television...the list goes on and on.

Many artists were greatly influenced by the Beatles, and adapted a style similar to theirs. The Beatles shifted the dominance of solo acts to bands, from mainly American acts to acts from the UK, and from professional songwriters to songs written by the artists.

The Beatles are also considered the primary innovators of the music video. To promote their songs, they sent music videos to television networks instead of appearing in person. They used techniques, such as slow motion and reversed film, that had only been seen in experimental filming.



"Lack of feeling in an emotional sense is responsible for the way some singers do our songs. They don't understand and are too old to grasp the feeling. Beatles are really the only people who can play Beatle music." - John Lennon in May 1966, talking about the artists covering their songs

Over the years, many people have covered Beatles songs. Among the most notable are: Oasis, Jimi Hendrix, Joe Cocker, David Bowie, Keith Moon, and Peter Sellers. For a complete list of all of the artists who have covered the Beatles, go to:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_artists_who_have_covered_The_Beatles


Here is an example of "We Can Work it Out," covered by Stevie Wonder, Deep Purple, and Four Seasons, as well as younger bands, such as the Plain White T's.




The Beatles also influenced fashion. They are known for their "mop-top" hairstyle. During their early years, they often wore suits, and in later years, they tended to go more towards Indian and Hippie styles. It became common for new bands to dress in suits, and the Indian and Hippie styles also quickly caught on. In addition, Beatle boots became quite popular starting in the 1960s.



The Beatles also had many appearances in modern television shows, such as the Simpsons:



Beatlesque is a term referring to bands that were influenced by the Beatles and make music that sounds like the Beatles' music. There are many famous Beatlesque bands, such as: Oasis, Coldplay, Michael Jackson, Led Zeppelin, Queen, Panic at the Disco, U2, Green Day..


Green Day, Last Night on EarthOasis, She's Electric

Patchwork


Since 1995 the four professional musicians of the band Patchwork have been performing two types of tribute concerts in France and abroad.
Patchwork is a French cover band from Grenoble. At the moment they're not really popular in Europe only in France but who knows maybe they will someday.

The Legends of Rock
This show is a flash voyage through the last fifty years of Rock and Pop music. Rediscover the  rebellious rhythms of the fifties, the gentle, sparkling melodies of the sixties, the "flower-power"guitar riffs of the seventies as well as the powerful sounds of the eighties up to the present.
From their masterful musical interpretation to the authentic precision in costume, scenic movement and props, Patchwork reincarnates the legendary artists who left their indelible mark on Rock History: Elvis Presley, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, Queen, AC/DC, U2, Lenny Kravitz, Red Hot Chili Peppers...

Yesterday... The Beatles
This show resumes the career of the Beatles. From Love me do in 1962, to Let it be in 1970, Patchwork skips through the milestones of the "Fab Four's" repertoire interpreting the greatest of their legendary hits. 
Alternating the group's black retro-style suits with their famous technicolor "Sergeant Pepper’s" uniforms, Patchwork takes you away into the magic universe of the boys from Liverpool..



Members
Laurent "Yoggy" : Bass/Vocals
Thierry : Guitar/Vocals
Marc : Lead-Vocals/Guitar
William "Will" : Drums



Songs from both concerts

Legends of Rock

Yesterday... The Beatles


Videos

Legends of Rock
Yesterday... The Beatles

by Nadine, Corina, Anja

Thursday, February 3, 2011

Evolution of the song Sweet Dreams from 1982 to today

By: Fabian Kolly
Sweet dreams: From 1982 to today's house version.

Original: Eurythmics - Sweet Dreams 4:48
Recorded in 1982 and released in January 1983.

It’s the most famous song of the group Eurythmics, the music video for “sweet dreams” was filmed in January 1983, shortly before the single and the album were released. The video received heavy airplay on the MTV channel and is widely considered a classic clip from the early-MTV era. The lyrics are about the people in your live who want to profit from you in every place of the world. The message is to don't care about this people and to moving on.





Sylvie Vartan – Déprime 3:33 
It’s a readaptation of the original song, the melody is exactly the same but the lyrics are completely different and they have no common with the original lyrics. This cover version was wrote in 1983. The lyrics of the french version are about a someone who is in a depression and who's medicament is the love of someone else.


Marilyn Manson cover: 4:39 min
The cover version from Marilyn Manson is the first single from the remix album, Smells like Children. Marilyn Manson added some extra lines to the lyrics that are not present in the Eurythmics version: "I wanna use you and abuse you/I wanna know what's inside you." and "I'm gonna use you and abuse you/I'm gonna know what's inside you".
The lyrics are quit the same than in the original version but they seem much harder because of the video and how the singer sings them.
It’s a much harder version than the original and the clip is very bizarre.
 Recorded in 1994 and released in 1996.


Steve Angello Remix: 5:50
Recorded in 2005, the song is longer and haves more electric components and stronger bass.


Benny Benassi remix: 3:29
 The lyrics are the same and from the same singer but over the normal melody the DJ placed bass and electronic elements.


also found many other cover versions and remixes, but they are not so important for me because I want to show the evolution from the original song to the electro house version.
If you want to see the list of all the cover versions and remixes please visit: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweet_Dreams_(Are_Made_of_This)_(Lied)

The Baseballs

The Baseballs, a famous cover band from germany, were founded in Berlin in 2007. They cover a lot of popular pop songs which they turn into a rock'n'roll song.
They're not just like all the other cover bands, they're really like a band from the fifties with their style.

                                         Basti                                Sam                        Digger




Some Songs



  1. Don't Cha - Pussycat Dolls
  2. Let's Get Loud - Jennifer Lopez
  3. Angels - Robbie Williams
  4. Hot'n'Cold - Katy Perry
  5. The Look - Roxette
  6. Umbrella - Rihanna
  7. I Don't Feel Like Dancing - Scissor Sisters

    Albums



    1. Umbrella
    2. Love in this Club
    3. Hey There Delilah
    4. Bleeding Love
    5. Hot 'n' Cold
    6. I Don't Feel Like Dancing
    7. Don't Cha
    8. Let's Get Loud
    9. Angels
    10. Crazy in Love
    11. This Love
    12. The Look






    Tracks Disc 1
    1. Umbrella
    2. Love in this Club
    3. Hey There Delilah
    4. Bleeding Love
    5. Hot 'n' Cold
    6. I Don't Feel Like Dancing
    7. Don't Cha
    8. Let's Get Loud
    9. Angels
    10. Crazy in Love
    11. This Love
    12. The Look

    Tracks Disc 2
    1. No One
    2. Chasing Cars
    3. Monday Morning
    4. Poker Face
    5. Jungle Drum



      By Anja and Nadine



      The Beatles-Paul is Dead

      By Annika

       In 1969, the cover of the Beatles' recently released album Abbey Road started a rumor that quickly spread through America. "Paul is dead." The theory was that on November 9, 1966, Paul McCartney stormed out of the recording studio, got into his car, and drove off. Soon after, he got into a car accident and died. Not wanting to make a big fuss, the remaining Beatles replaced him with the winner of a Paul McCartney look-alike contest, who, with a little plastic surgery, looked so much like Paul that nobody noticed.



      Coincidentally, Paul's double can also talk and sing exactly like him. They were so much alike that nobody noticed that the real Paul was dead until three years later, when the Beatles released Abbey Road.







      The Evidence:

      Some of the most substantial "evidence" was on the cover of Abbey Road.





      This scene was interpreted by some fans to be a funeral procession. In front, John is dressed in white, like a religious person. Next, Ringo is dressed in black, representing a mortician or a mourner. Paul, barefoot with a suit, would of course be the corpse. Lastly, George is wearing simple jeans, representing the grave digger. In addition, Paul is out of step. The license plate of the yellow VW bug is 28IF. This was interpreted to mean that Paul would be in his 28 year of life IF he were still alive.

      Since Paul had died earlier than the release of Abbey Road, previous albums also had clues, claimed the believers of this rumor.

      On the back cover of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, Paul has his back turned to the camera.


      In this picture, also included in Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, Paul is shown sitting in the fetal position. This is how Indians bury their dead. The Beatles were known to be fascinated with the Indian culture. On his uniform, the white bars and epaulets are trimmed in black for death. Most shocking, however, is the patch on his left arm, which reads "O.P.D." In Britain, this means "Officially Pronounced Dead."

      The Magical Mystery Tour came with a 24-page pamphlet full of pictures, many of which also have hidden "clues."

      If one examines the drum closely, it is possible to read the words on the drum: "Love the 3 Beatles."

      In this pictures, also included in the pamphlet, the Beatles all have red carnations. Except for Paul...his is black, symbolizing death.



      In many of the pictures published with later albums, there is something about Paul that makes him stand out from the others, be it a black carnation, a different angle, no shoes, etc. Fans took these as "clues" telling them about his death. The list of evidence goes on and on. In addition, "deeper meanings" were found in some of the songs telling fans more about the death of Paul.

      The Beatles denied accusations of having planted these clues either as a joke or to promote sales, so whether or not they did it purposely will remain a mystery.

      If you would like to read more about the "Paul is dead" theory and the evidence, visit:
      http://www.ispauldead.com/501.html
      http://www.turnmeondeadman.com/index.php

      Rock and Roll by Led Zeppelin

      The song was written and sung by the members of Led Zeppelin in 1971.
      The song was produced more accidentally. The band was trying to finish the song "4 Sticks" but they failed. So they were just playing around and spontaneously they created the son "Rock and Roll".

      Other Cover Versions:
      There are more than 40 different versions.
      For example:

      • Heart (1980)
      • Gotthard (1994)
      • Cactus Jack (2002)
      • Alvin and the Chipmunks (2008)  



      I think that the version of Alvin and the Chipmunks is the best, because it's really cute!^.^

      by Annick



      Hush by Billy Joe Royal

      The song was written by Joe South for Billy Joe Royal, which became just a minor hit. The more famous version is from Deep Purple, recorded in 1968 for their debut album Shades of Deep Purple.


                                                                 Original sung by Billy Joe Royal


      Other cover versions:

      • Deep Purple 1968
      • Russell Morris & The Rubes 1976
      • Kula Shaker 1997
      The version from Deep Purple was used in various movies:
      • Appollo 13 (1996)
      • Isn`t she great (2000)
      • When strangers appear (2001)
      • Beyond the sea (2004)
      • Children of men (2006)


      I think that the version by Gotthard is the best, because... Well, just because^^


      © by  Flavia

      The Beatles-Part 3: The Break-up

      By Annika

      During an interview in 1966, Lennon stated that in his opinion, Christianity was dying, and the Beatles were "more popular than Jesus now." This started a huge controversy in America, especially in the "Bible belt" (the South). South African radio banned the Beatles until 1971. Religious and social conservatives, as well as the Ku Klux Klan, criticized Lennon and the Beatles. In a press conference, Lennon said, "if I'd said television was more popular than Jesus, I might have got away with it," but "if you want me to apologize, if that will make you happy, then okay, I'm sorry."

      In June 1967, they released Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. It is widely regarded as a masterpiece, and Rolling Stone ranked it number one among its "500 Greatest Albums of All Time." On June 25th, they performed their newest song, All You Need is Love, on television. This was the "Summer of Love," and the song was adopted as a "Flower Power" anthem.



      Two months later, their manager, Brian Epstein, died. The Beatles were disoriented and worried about the future. On December 26, 1967, the band aired The Magical Mystery Tour film. For this they received their first major negative feedback from the UK press. It was called "blatant rubbish," "a colossal conceit," and "a kind of fantasy morality play about the grossness and warmth and stupidity of the audience."

      During recording for a new album, trouble started for the members of the Beatles. Starr quit for a while, so McCartney had to play drums for several tracks. More tension was caused by Lennon's romance with Yoko Ono. Despite the agreement that partners were not to enter the recording studio, Lennon brought her to all their recording sessions. He lost interest in writing with McCartney, and became more and more critical of McCartney's songwriting.

      Recording for Let It Be was "a miserable experience" for the Beatles, so McCartney suggested recording another album, Abbey Road.  Before they could start recording in February, they had to agree on the format on the album. Lennon wanted his music and McCartney's music to be on separate sides of the album. The compromise that they were finally able to agree on was to have separately composed songs on the first side and a medley on the second. On August 20, 1969, they finished Abbey Road with the recording of "I Want You (She's So Heavy)." This was the last time that all of the Beatles were in a recording studio together.


      On September 20 1969, Lennon told the group he was leaving. In January 1970, the remaining three Beatles recorded Harrison's "I Me Mine" to complete the Let it Be album. On April 10, McCartney publicly announced that he was leaving the band. On December 31 1970, McCartney filed a suit for the dissolution of the Beatles. However, because of legal disputes, it did not take effect until 1975. The "reassuring, geometrically perfect, once apparently ageless family of siblings" that had captured the hearts of millions of fans around the world was over.

      Mighty Quinn by Bob Dylan Cover Versions

      Dylan originally recorded the song in 1967 under the name Quinn the Eskimo (Mighty Quinn), but didn't release a version. The song was picked up and recorded by the British band Manfred Mann, who released it under the title Mighty Quinn.


                 Bob Dylan                                                                    Manfred Mann


      • Manfred Mann 1968
      • Ian and Sylvia 1968
      • Gary Puckett & The Union Gap 1968
      • Fruitgum Company 1968
      • Julie London 1968
      • The Hollies 1969
      • The Beatles 1970
      • Gotthard 1996
      • Phish 1999
      • Grateful Dead 2000
      • Les Fradkin 2006
      • Nena Daconte 2007
      • Cornershop 2009

      Gotthard

      The success story of Gotthard began in 1990. Founded by Steve Lee (lead singer) and Leo Leoni (guitar).
      Gotthard was founded in the beginning of 1990 in Ticino under the name Krak. They changed their name after Chris von Rohr joined them as their producer and co-songwriter and they signed the recording contract with BMG.



      Their first album "Gotthard" was released in 1992 and instantly became a great success in switzerland. All the following albums reached  No.1 in the swiss album charts.

      The Band was the supporting act of many famous rock bands and singers such as Bon Jovi, ACDC, Deep Purple, Bryan Adams,...

      Band Members


      • Steve Lee - Lead Vocals

      • Leo Leoni - 1. Guitar
        • I don't like: Warm beer
        • I like: Ice cold beer
        • Literature: ?????What's that????? 
      • Hena Habegger - Drums
        • Pets: Two cats (Bijou & Simba)
        • Favorite Color: Dollar Green
        • Hobbies: Gardening
      • Freddy Scherer - 2. Guitar
        • Best Place: Next to the barbecue
        • Favorite Clothes: Yes!
        • Weaknesses: Hm????!!!
      • Marc Lynn - Bass Guitar
        • Literature: Asterix
        • Fears: Last call at the bar!
        • Favorite Rockband: Everything that rocks!


      For more information Gotthard Official Website  --> The Band



      Death of Steve Lee

      Singer Steve Lee† (5.8.1963 - 5.10.2010)was on a bike trip in the desert of Nevada with his wife and was involved in a traffic accident on the 5. october 2010 and died. This bike trip has been his dream for a long time.
      His last appearance was in the end of september during the Miss Switzerland election and their last concert in front of an audience was at the Open Air Gampel in august.

      (For more information http://www.stevelee.ch/ )

      Discography


      Cover Versions
      by Annick, Flavia, Anja

      Gotthard Albums


      Discography

      • Gotthard

      • Dial Hard

      • G.

      • Defrosted

      • Open

      • Homerun

      • Best of Ballads

      • Human Zoo

      • One Team, One Spirit

      • Lipservice

      • Made in Switzerland

      • Domino Effect

      • Need to Believe

      • Heaven Best of Ballads Vol.II






      Bon Jovi - ... 90s ...

      By Shelby

      After 18 months of touring the Bon Jovi Band decided to go their separate ways, which led to Bon Jovi's solo album, Blaze of Glory (1990). Then, a year later, they band released its album, Keep the Faith (1992), which ended any break-up rumors circulating about the band. Then Bon Jovi changed his look completely, losing the big 80s hair and going for a newer more up-to-date look.


      Then the band released another album, These Days (1995), right before they went on a full-scale world tour. But afterwards the band took a break as Bon Jovi took to acting all through the later part of the 90s. He took his first role in the 1995 film; Moonlight and Valentino. He then went on to play roles in Ed Burns' No Looking Back and the World War II submarine adventure U-571. In 1999, the band regrouped to record "Real Life" for the EdTV soundtrack.

      Evolution of house music: The 21st century

      By. Fabian Kolly


      The 21st century: 2000s


      Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley proclaimed August 10, 2005 to be "House Unity Day" in Chicago, in celebration of the "21st anniversary of house music" (actually the 21st anniversary of the founding of Trax Records). The proclamation recognized Chicago as "the original home of house music" and that the music's original creators "were inspired by the love of their city, with the dream that someday their music would spread a message of peace and unity throughout the world".




      It was during this decade that vocal house became firmly established, both in the underground and as part of the pop market, and labels such as Defected, Roule and Om were at the forefront of championing the emerging sound. In the mid-2000s, fusion genres such as electro house, fidget house and tech house emerged. This fusion is apparent in the crossover of musical styles by artists such as Dennis Ferrer and Booka Shade, with the former's production style having evolved from the New York soulful house scene and the latter's roots in techno. DJs today can be heard blending all sub-genres of house as many of the best musical elements are shared across these sub-genres.



      During this time, house music became increasingly accessible to mainstream suburban kids who came into major US cities to party at large venues like New York's The Sound factory, Exit and Twilo or Miami's Crobar and Space, causing many underground fans to label the scene as becoming "bridge and tunnel". The growing interest in house music from suburban, predominantly white, middle-class listeners encouraged many DJ/producers to increasingly promote their sound by releasing singles and CD compilations on a large, more commercial scale. As a result, major music warehouses like Tower Records began to carry larger selections of house music, often dedicating sections of their stores solely to dance music. As Napster and other internet downloading sites became more popular in the late 1990s and into the new millennium, house music gained an even broader audience as members shared new mixes of popular club tracks.


      Today, innovative house music is celebrated and showcased at the Burning Man festival and at major industry sponsored events like Miami's Winter Music Conference.


      As of the late 2000s, house influenced music retains widespread popularity in clubs throughout the world. House Music has also seen a comeback into the mainstream with producers like Deadmau5, Justice, Sickindividuals, Fedde Le Grand, and Benny Benassi bringing lighter, more diluted, eurodance-infused house tracks back to the US Top 40 charts. With this steady, yet subtle, mainstream success throughout the years, House has gained momentum and concepts developed by House producers have infected the mainstream pop and hip-hop worlds. With the introduction of Vocoders and Auto-Tune, as well as the popularization of digital audio workstations and new production techniques like sidechaining and heavy compression, House is becoming more and more a part of American musical culture. 




      Australian House became popular in the mid-2000s, acts like The Aston Shuffle, Tommy Trash, Bag Raiders and Empire of the Sun became well-known domestically.





      Evolution of house music: Early 1980s - Late 1990s

      By: Fabian Kolly

      Chicago : Early 1980s – late 1980s

      In the early 1980s, Chicago club & radio DJs were playing various styles of dance music, including older disco records, newer Italo Disco, hip hop and electro funk tracks, as well as electronic pop music by Kraftwerk, and recent danceable R&B productions in the genre now known as boogie. Some made and played their own edits of their favorite songs on reel-to-reel tape, and sometimes mixed in effects, drum machines, and other rhythmic electronic instrumentation.
      One house tune called "Move Your Body" by Marshall Jefferson made house music known outside of Chicago and was called "the house music anthem" by many, and was featured in the 2005 video game "Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas" on the ingame radio station "SF-UR".



      Detroit : early 1980s – late 1980s



      Detroit techno was developed in the mid 1980s, although Detroit techno is a distinct musical form in its own right, its pioneers were also instrumental in forwarding house music internationally. The two forms of music developed together from 1985 to 1990 and still are genres that often coincide.
      Detroit techno developed as the legendary disc jockey The Electrifying Mojo conducted his own radio program at this time, influencing the fusion of eclectic sounds into the signature Detroit techno sound. This sound, heavily influenced by European Electronica (Kraftwerk, Art of Noise), early B-boy Hip-Hop (Man Parrish, Soul Sonic Force) and Italo Disco (Doctor's Cat, Ris, Klein M.B.O.), was further pioneered by Juan Atkins, Derrick May, and Kevin Saunderson the "godfathers" of Detroit Techno.




      UK: mid 1980s – early 1990s

      Early British house music quickly set itself apart from the original Chicago house sound; many of the early hits were based on sample montage, rap was often used for vocals (far more than in the US), and humour was frequently an important element.
      The house scene in cities such as Birmingham, Sheffield, Manchester and London were also provided with many underground Pirate Radio stations and DJs alike which helped bolster an already contagious, but otherwise ignored by the mainstream, music genre. The earliest and influential UK house and techno record labels such as Warp Records and Network Records (otherwise known as Kool Kat records) helped introduce American and later Italian dance music to Britain as well as promoting select UK dance music acts.
      But house was also developing on Ibiza, although no house artists or labels were coming from this tiny island at the time. In the 1970s Ibiza was a stop-over for the rich party crowd. By the mid-1980s a distinct Balearic mix of house was discernible. Several clubs like Amnesia with DJ Alfredo were playing a mix of rock, pop, disco and house. These clubs, fueled by their distinctive sound and Ecstasy, began to have an influence on the British scene. By late 1987, DJs like Paul Oakenfold and Danny Rampling were bringing the Ibiza sound to UK clubs like the Hacienda in Manchester, and in London clubs such as Shoom in Southwark, Heaven, Future and Spectrum.


      US: late 1980s – early 1990s

      Back in America the scene had still not progressed beyond a small number of clubs in Chicago, Detroit, New York, and New Jersey. Paradise Garage in New York City was still a top club, although they now had Todd Terry, his cover of Class Action's Larry Levan mixed "Weekend" demonstrated the continuum from the underground disco to a new house sound with hip-hop influences evident in the quicker sampling and the more rugged bass-line. While hip-hop had made it onto radio play-lists, the only other choices were Rock, Country & Western or R&B.
      Other influences from New York came from the hip-hop, reggae, and Latin community, and many of the New York City super producers/DJs began surfacing for the first time (Erick Morillo, Roger Sanchez, Junior Vasquez, Danny Tenaglia, Jonathan Peters, David Morales) with unique sounds that would evolve into other genres (tribal house, progressive house, funky house).





      Late 1980s - 1990s

      In Britain, further experiments in the genre boosted its appeal. House and rave clubs like Lakota, Cream emerged across Britain, hosting house and dance scene events.
      At the same time, a new indie dance scene emerged. In New York, bands such as Deee-Lite furthered house's international influence.
      In England, one of the few licensed venues The Eclipse attracted people from up and down the country as it was open until the early hours.
      The music continued to grow and change, as typified by Leftfield with "Release the Pressure", which introduced dub and reggae into the house sound, although Leftfield had prior releases, such as "Not forgotten" released in 1990 on Sheffield's Outer Rhythm records.
      A new generation of clubs like, Liverpool's Cream and the Ministry of Sound were opened to provide a venue for more commercial sounds. Major record companies began to open "superclubs" promoting their own acts. These superclubs entered into sponsorship deals initially with fast food, soft drinks, and clothing companies. Flyers in clubs in Ibiza often sported many corporate logos. A new sub-genre, Chicago Hard House, was developed by DJs such as Bad Boy Bill, DJ Lynnwood, DJ Irene, Richard "Humpty" Vission and DJ Enrie, mixing elements of Chicago House, Funky House and Hard House together.
      Towards the end of the 1990s and into the 2000s, producers like Daft Punk, Cassius (Band) ST. Germain and DJ Falcon began producing a new sound out of Paris's house scene. Together, they laid the groundwork for what would be known as the French House movement. By combining the harder-edged-yet-soulful philosophy of Chicago House with the melodies of obscure Funk & Disco music from the 1970s, state-of-the-art production techniques and the sound of analog synthesizers, they began to create the standards that would shape practically all House music that was created after it.